What Is a Wind Slab?

A wind slab is a dense, cohesive layer of snow formed when wind transports and deposits snow onto leeward (downwind) slopes, packing it into a stiff slab over softer or weaker snow. Wind slabs are a common avalanche problem, especially near ridgelines and in gullies, and can be very reactive soon after forming. Signs include smooth, pillowy, chalky, or drum-like snow and visible wind drifting.

SnowsportsAvalanche SafetyIntermediate
A wind slab is a dense, cohesive layer of snow formed when wind transports and deposits snow onto leeward (downwind) slopes, packing it into a stiff slab over softer or weaker snow. Wind slabs are a common avalanche problem, especially near ridgelines and in gullies, and can be very reactive soon after forming. Signs include smooth, pillowy, chalky, or drum-like snow and visible wind drifting.
What it isDense slab from wind-deposited snow
WhereLeeward slopes, below ridges, gullies
BehaviorOften reactive soon after forming
SignsPillowy/chalky snow, drum sound, drifting

A wind slab is a dense, cohesive layer of snow formed when wind transports and deposits snow onto leeward (downwind) slopes, packing it into a stiff slab over softer or weaker snow. Wind slabs are a common avalanche problem, especially near ridgelines and in gullies, and can be very reactive soon after forming. Signs include smooth, pillowy, chalky, or drum-like snow and visible wind drifting.

This is general educational information, not avalanche training.

Wind-built danger

A wind-formed slab avalanche problem in the snowpack; the same wind sculpts surface sastrugi.

Frequently asked questions

What is a wind slab?

A wind slab is a stiff, dense layer of snow created when wind picks up snow and redeposits it on sheltered, downwind (leeward) slopes, packing it into a cohesive slab. If that slab sits over weaker snow, it can release as an avalanche, making wind slabs a frequent and often touchy avalanche problem.

Where do wind slabs form?

On leeward slopes — those sheltered from the wind — especially just below ridgelines, on the downwind sides of terrain features, and in cross-loaded gullies and bowls. Because wind can deposit snow far faster than it falls, dangerous wind slabs can build quickly even without new snowfall.

How do you identify a wind slab?

Look for signs of recent wind transport: smooth, rounded, pillow-like or chalky snow surfaces, cornices and drifts, snow that sounds hollow or drum-like, shooting cracks, and stiff snow over softer snow. Recently formed wind slabs are often reactive, so suspect them near ridges and on leeward aspects after wind.

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